Trình tạo ULID

// Using the 'ulid' npm package
import { ulid } from 'ulid'

const id = ulid()          // "01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV"
const id2 = ulid()         // "01ARZ3NDEKXXXXXXXXXXXX..." (same ms, incremented random)

// With a custom timestamp
const id3 = ulid(1469918176385) // deterministic time portion

// Extract the timestamp back out
import { decodeTime } from 'ulid'
decodeTime(id)  // → 1469918176385 (Unix ms)

# Using python-ulid
from ulid import ULID

uid = ULID()
str(uid)                    # "01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV"
uid.timestamp               # 1469918176.385
uid.datetime                # datetime(2016, 7, 30, 23, 36, 16, 385000, tzinfo=timezone.utc)

# Parse an existing ULID string
parsed = ULID.from_str("01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV")
parsed.timestamp            # 1469918176.385

-- Store ULIDs as TEXT or CHAR(26)
CREATE TABLE events (
  id   CHAR(26) PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_ulid(),  -- if using a PG extension
  name TEXT NOT NULL,
  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Or pass the ULID from your application layer
INSERT INTO events (id, name, created_at)
VALUES ('01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV', 'user.signup', NOW());

-- Range queries are efficient because ULIDs sort chronologically
SELECT * FROM events
WHERE id > '01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV'
ORDER BY id
LIMIT 20;

// Pure browser / Deno / Node.js implementation (no dependencies)
const CROCKFORD = '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'

function encodeTime(ms) {
  let result = '', n = BigInt(ms)
  for (let i = 9; i >= 0; i--) {
    result = CROCKFORD[Number(n & 31n)] + result
    n >>= 5n
  }
  return result
}

function encodeRandom(bytes) {
  let n = 0n
  for (const b of bytes) n = (n << 8n) | BigInt(b)
  let result = ''
  for (let i = 15; i >= 0; i--) {
    result = CROCKFORD[Number(n & 31n)] + result
    n >>= 5n
  }
  return result
}

function generateULID() {
  const randomBytes = new Uint8Array(10)
  crypto.getRandomValues(randomBytes)
  return encodeTime(Date.now()) + encodeRandom(randomBytes)
}