Bộ giải mã UUID

const hex = uuid.replace(/-/g, '')
const version = parseInt(hex[12], 16)  // single hex digit → 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8

// UUID v1: 6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8
//           ^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^
//           time-low  mid  hi  clk   node (MAC)
//                          ^
//                          version nibble (1)

const hex = '6ba7b8109dad11d180b400c04fd430c8'

const tLow = parseInt(hex.slice(0, 8),  16)  // 0x6ba7b810
const tMid = parseInt(hex.slice(8, 12), 16)  // 0x9dad
const tHi  = parseInt(hex.slice(13, 16), 16) // 0x1d1 (skip version nibble at index 12)

// Reconstruct 60-bit timestamp (100-ns intervals since Oct 15, 1582)
const t = (BigInt(tHi) << 48n) | (BigInt(tMid) << 32n) | BigInt(tLow)

// Subtract Gregorian offset (Oct 15, 1582 → Jan 1, 1970 in 100-ns units)
const GREGORIAN_OFFSET = 122192928000000000n
const unixMs = (t - GREGORIAN_OFFSET) / 10000n

console.log(new Date(Number(unixMs)).toISOString())
// → 1998-02-04T22:13:53.578Z

// UUID v7: 018e4bc8-1000-7000-8000-000000000001
//           ^^^^^^^^^^^^
//           48-bit Unix ms timestamp

const hex = '018e4bc8100070008000000000000001'

// First 48 bits (12 hex chars) = Unix timestamp in milliseconds
const ms = parseInt(hex.slice(0, 12), 16)  // 0x018e4bc81000

console.log(new Date(ms).toISOString())
// → 2024-03-11T…Z

// Everything after byte 6 is random (except version/variant bits)

// Detect UUID version from the 13th hex character (index 12)
function uuidVersion(uuid) {
  const clean = uuid.replace(/-/g, '')
  return parseInt(clean[12], 16)
}

uuidVersion('550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000') // → 4
uuidVersion('018e4bc8-1000-7000-8000-000000000001') // → 7
uuidVersion('6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8') // → 1

// Detect variant from the 17th hex character (index 16, first char of 4th group)
function uuidVariant(uuid) {
  const clean = uuid.replace(/-/g, '')
  const b = parseInt(clean[16], 16)
  if ((b & 0x8) === 0)      return 'NCS'
  if ((b & 0xC) === 0x8)    return 'RFC 4122'
  if ((b & 0xE) === 0xC)    return 'Microsoft'
  return 'Reserved'
}